An Investigation of Nurses' Preparedness for Handling Medical Complications Related to Obesity at Lagos University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Obesity is a growing global health problem, with increasing rates observed in both developed and developing countries. The World Health Organization (2024) classifies obesity as a chronic disease that significantly contributes to the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancer. Obesity-related complications are associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates, placing a significant strain on healthcare systems.
In Nigeria, the prevalence of obesity has been rising, particularly in urban areas such as Lagos, where changes in lifestyle, dietary habits, and physical inactivity are major contributing factors. Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) is one of the leading healthcare facilities in the country, providing a wide range of services, including management of obesity-related complications. Nurses at LUTH play a crucial role in the prevention, early detection, and management of obesity and its related complications, as they are directly involved in patient care and health education.
However, despite the rising prevalence of obesity, there is limited research on the preparedness of nurses to handle medical complications associated with obesity, such as metabolic syndrome, respiratory issues, and cardiovascular diseases. Nurses' knowledge, skills, and readiness to manage these complications are essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden of obesity-related diseases. This study seeks to investigate the preparedness of nurses at LUTH to handle obesity-related medical complications, with a focus on their knowledge, training, and capacity to provide effective care.
Statement of the Problem
Obesity-related medical complications require specialized care and intervention, yet nurses at LUTH may not be adequately prepared to manage these complications due to insufficient training, limited resources, or lack of awareness. This lack of preparedness can lead to delayed diagnosis, poor management, and adverse patient outcomes. It is, therefore, important to assess the preparedness of nurses at LUTH in handling obesity-related medical complications to identify gaps in knowledge and training and suggest improvements in care.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the level of preparedness of nurses at LUTH in handling medical complications related to obesity.
- To examine the factors influencing nurses' preparedness for managing obesity-related medical complications at LUTH.
- To propose recommendations for improving nurses' preparedness to handle obesity-related complications at LUTH.
Research Questions
- What is the level of preparedness of nurses at LUTH in managing medical complications related to obesity?
- What factors influence nurses' preparedness for handling obesity-related medical complications at LUTH?
- What strategies can be implemented to improve nurses' preparedness in managing obesity-related medical complications at LUTH?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at LUTH who have received specialized training in obesity care are more prepared to manage obesity-related complications than those who have not received such training.
- There is a significant relationship between nurses' preparedness and the quality of care provided to patients with obesity-related complications at LUTH.
- Organizational factors such as resource availability and nurse-patient ratios significantly affect nurses' preparedness in handling obesity-related medical complications at LUTH.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on nurses working in the obesity management, cardiology, and internal medicine units at LUTH, as these are the departments most involved in the management of obesity-related complications. The study will not include nurses from other departments such as surgery or obstetrics.
A limitation of the study is the potential for bias in self-reported data on preparedness and training. Additionally, the findings may not be applicable to other hospitals with different levels of resources or patient populations.
Definitions of Terms
- Obesity-related medical complications: Health issues directly caused or exacerbated by obesity, including metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
- Preparedness: The knowledge, skills, and resources available to nurses to effectively manage medical complications related to obesity.
- Obesity: A medical condition characterized by excessive body fat, usually defined by a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher.
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